苏教版高一英语知识点
一. 直接引语和间接引语 （一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进行相应的变化，例如： She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his. （二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if；如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如： She said,“Is your father at home?” →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气（即请求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： She said to us,“Please sit down.” →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” →He ordered him to go away. He said, “Don’t make so much noise, boys.” →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各种时态的被动语态 被动语态概述 被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被动语态的构成 被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下： 1. 一般现在时 am/is/are + 过去分词 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般将来时 will/shall + be + 过去分词 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 现在进行时 am/is/are + being + 过去分词 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 过去进行时 was/were + being + 过去分词 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 现在完成时 have/has + been + 过去分词 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 过去完成时 had + been + 过去分词 注意： 1．除了be之外的其它系动词如get, stay等也可以和过去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered. 2. 含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+ be + 过去分词”结构。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to + be + 过去分词”和“be to + be + 过去分词”。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如： The map was changed by someone.（被动结构） That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表结构） 系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。 例如： He was very excited.（系表结构） He was much excited by her words.（被动结构） 5. 主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。例如： These books sell well. 这些书很畅销。 The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。 The clothes wash well. 这些衣服很好洗。
Unit 11. 词组： add up add up to add… to… add to calm… down have got to be concerned about / with walk the dog cheat … of go through go ahead go by set down set up set off set out a series of on purpose by accident/ chance in order to so as to in order that so as that at dusk at dawn at midnight at noon face to face no longer not … any longer settle down suffer from recover from get/ be tired of make a list of list pack… up get along/ on with fall in love be grateful to sb. for sth. join in take part in join attend make sb/ sth + 宾语补足语 have something/ anything/ everything /nothing to do with it’s because….. +原因 it’s why…. + 结果 dare + (to) do (实义动词) do (情态动词) a year and a half it’s no pleasure+ doing sth happen to do sth have trouble with sb (in) doing sth exactly find it + adj. + to do sth make friends with swap … with it is / was + 序数词 + that + has done / had done ….unit 2词组： because of come up come up with come in come on come out actually in fact as a matter of fact in reality be based on at present make use of make full/ good use of such as play a part/ role in recognize … as more than one + 谓语用单数 at the end of in the end at an end voyage tour travel journey than ever before even if / though communicate with those + 定语从句 用who 1600’s 1980s in + 物主代词 + 数字的复数 in his forties the former the latter a number of the number of make sense usage VS use believe it or not there is no such + 名词 （不加冠词） the way + in which / that /省略 especially specially straight adj/ advunit 3词组： prefer to do , rather than do would rather do , than do would do , rather than do fare VS fee ever since it’s is / has been + 时间段 + since 从句 graduate from/ in be fond of cut across cut up cut down care about care for determine to do sth = be determined to do sth change one’s mind make up one’s mind at an altitude of give in give up give off give out give away keep pace with as usual bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth bend over take the advantage of persuade sb to do sth / into doing sth not to do sth/ out of doing sth advise sb to do sth try to persuade sb to do sth although though grow up insist on put up put down put off put on put away can hardly wait to do sth unit 4词组：right away at once immediately burst into laughter/ tears burst out doing sth as if / though in ruins injure wound hurt destroy damage be trapped in dig out bury oneself in doing sth rise raise arise too… to be away it seems as if + 陈述语气/ 虚拟语气 act out be pleased / willing/ glad to do sthhonor in honor of be proud of express my thanks to unit 5词组： of high/ good quality devote to + doing found VS set up in principle in peace out of work in work out of control in control vote for vote against be equal to in trouble turn to turn on / off turn up / down lose heart lose one’s heart escape from / + doing sth come to power / in power be sentenced to in one’s opinion fight for / against blow up dream of/ about imagine doing sth the first time for the first time 语法点1. whether VS if 的用法2. tell sb to do sth ask sb not to do sth 3. be + doing 表将来4. 定语从句： 只用that 的情况 只用who 的情况 只用which的情况 as VS which the same … as / that… such… as as … as 介词+ which/ whom which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句which 引导一个句子的用法 非限制性定语从句 插入语 I think I believe I guess I thought 间隔式定语从句 Is this car the one he bought last year? Is this the car he bought last year? What 的用法5. will be done be about to be done be to be done be going to be done 6. has/ have been done 7. be being done 加always 表示一种厌烦等语气8. 强调句 it is + 被强调部分 + that 从句 It is not until + 时间 + that 从句 特殊疑问词 + is it that 从句 9. 倒装句 部分否定，含有否定词的 hardly never little only seldom 等， 把情态动词，be 动词， 助动词提到主语 的前面10. as if , insist suggest request command ,从句用虚拟语气， 用（should） do 。
高一英语的知识点
学习一门外语是很重要的，尤其是英语，因为各国普遍英语，所以我们要好好 学习英语 ，这可能就是你以后会用到的。我为你们整理了 高一英语 知识点，希望对你们有所帮助!
高一英语知识点1
1.prefer
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
2.advantages/disadvantages优势/劣势
2.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起，我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，介词since与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
3.persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
4.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何 句子 成份。一般来说，如果被强调部分是人时，用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物，只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句
5.be fond of喜欢，喜爱
6.Although尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首，though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置，而且though 可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛，好像)，even though(即使，尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首，此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
7.insist on doing sth/sth.一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
11.care about关心 在乎
care for喜欢，照料，照顾
12.change one’s mind改变主意
13.experience经历/ 经验
14.Once可作为从属连词，作“一(旦)……就……”解，连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时\现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
15.give in让步 give up 放弃
16.instead of代替，而不是
17.make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
18.a large parcel of一大包
19.as usual像往常一样
20.put up our tent搭帐篷
21.stay awake睡不着，醒着stay up熬夜
22.for company做伴
23.lie beneath the stars躺在星空下
24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
25.go in the right direction走正确的方向
26.at a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
27.be similar to类似于
28.afford to do sth付得起，能承担
29.be tired from因……而疲劳be tired of对……厌倦
30.be in high spirits喜气洋洋，兴高采烈
31.come true实现，成真
32.give sb some advice on doing...
33.a guide to………的指南
34.on a tour在游览中，在巡演中
35.in detail详细地
高一英语知识点2
1. instead of spending your vacation on a bus, ... you may want to try hiking. instead和instead 0f的用法
2. say "hi" / "hello" / "thanks" to sb. (for me) 问候的句型
3. is anybody seeing you off? 进行时表将来
4. she struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling)
5. you should not go rafting unless you know... unless引导条件状语从句，相当于if... not
6. by staying at..., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds. 目的状语从句
7. she was so surprised that she couldn't move. 结果状语从句
8. tree after tree went down, cut down by water. 过去分词作状语
9. the next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 现在分词作状语
10. however, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. it didn't take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法
高一英语知识点3
1.because of 因为…… (注意和because 的区别)
2. even if (= even thoug)即使，用来引导让步状语从句
3. come up 走上前来，走近，发生，出现 come up with 追上，赶上，提出
4. communicate with sb 和某人交流
5. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……方面不同
Most of my projects are different in performance.
我多数作品的演奏风格都不同。
6. be based on 以……为基础
7. at present 目前，眼下 for the present眼前;暂时
8. make (good/better/full)use of
9. the latter后者 the former 前者
10. a large number of 大量的 the number of …的数量
11. such as 例如
12. hold on 坚持住，握住不放;(打电话时)等—会
13. … you will hear the difference in the way(that/ in which) people speak.
你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
14. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色
15. the same …as… 与……一样
16. at the top of…在…顶上
at the bottom of 在……底部
17. bring up 教养，养育;提出
18. request sb (not) to do sth. 要求某人做/不要做某事
19. be satisfied with…对……感到满意，满足于
20. suggest v. (request，insist…)
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
注意：insist 意思为“坚持要求”时后面的that从句用虚拟语气;如果insist 意为“强调，坚持认为”的时候，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。例如：She insisted that she didn’t tell a lie.她坚持认为她没撒谎。
21. according to…. 按照… 根据…
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高一英语语法知识点讲解
高一时期的一些不可错过的英语语法知识点讲解。下面是我给大家整理的高一英语语法，供大家参阅!
高一英语语法：英语可说prevent sb to do sth吗
汉语可说“阻止某人做某事”，但英语习惯上不能说 prevent sb to do sth，遇此情况可改说 prevent sb (from) doing sth或prevent sb’s doing sth。如：
■我们一定要防止疾病蔓延。
误：We must prevent the disease to spread.
正：We must prevent the disease (from) spreading.
■大雨使他不能来。
误：The rain prevented him to come.
正：The rain prevented his (from) coming.
正：The rain prevented his coming.
高一英语语法：sb is easy / difficult to do sth吗
请看下面一题：
“He is _________ to win the match.” “Really? But I don’t think so”
A. easy B. difficult C. possible D. sure
【分析】此题应选D，其余三项均有可能误选，因为假若单纯从中文意思来看，其余三个答案均说得通。但问题是将A、B、C三项填入空格处均不合英语习惯。按英语习惯，easy 和difficult 后接不定式时，其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it，而不能是具体的人或物，除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如：
我做这工作很容易。
误：I’m very easy to do the work.
正：It is very easy for me to do the work. (用形式主语 it 作主语)
正：The work is very easy for me to do. (主语为具体的事物，但它与其后不定式有动宾关系，即 to do the work)
我们很难准时赶到那儿。
误：We are very difficult to get there in time.
正：It is very difficult for us to get there in time. (用形式主语 it 作主语)
比较：He is very difficult to work with. 他这个人很难相处。(用具体的人作主语，但它与其后不定式具有动宾关系，即 to work with him)
有时不是用 it 作形式主语，而是用其作形式宾语。如：
We found it easy to do the work. 我们发现做这工作很容易。
但是不说：We found him easy to do work.
至于，possible 后接不定式时，其主语只能是 it，不能是具体的人或事物，即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如：
我们有可能会找到一些更便宜的。
误：We are possible to find some cheaper ones.
误：Some cheaper ones are possible for us to find.
正：It is possible for us to find some cheaper ones.
有时不是用 it 作形式主语，而是用其作形式宾语。如：
We found it possible for him to do the work. 我们发现他可能做那工作。
但不说：We found him possible to do the work.
高一英语语法：英语可说someone is possible to do sth吗
请看下面一题：
I think he is _________ to win, but I’m not sure.
A. possible B. likely C. impossible D. certain
从语意上看，D肯定不能选;从英语习惯上看，A和C也不能选(原因见上一题);此题最佳答案为B。请再看几例：
He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他可能会晚到一会儿。
It’s likely that he will go abroad. 他可能会出国。
注意：虽然 possible 和 likely 均可表示“可能”，但两者的搭配是不同的，即可说 someone is likely to do sth，但不能说 someone is possible to do sth。如：
他有可能会同她一道去。
正：He is likely to go with her.
正：It’s likely that he will go with her.
误：He is possible to go with her.
正：It’s possible that he will go with her.
高一英语语法：是any not还是not any
请看下面一题：
It is so difficult a problem that _________ student in this class _________ work it out.
A. any, can’t B. no, can C. every, can D. no, can’t
【分析】此题很容易误选A，因为从句意上看，选A可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班任何一个学生都不可能做出来”。但按英语习惯，any(任何一个)作为非肯定句，它只能出现在否定词 not 之后，而不能在其前，即可说 not any, 但不说 any not。所以正确答案应选B。又如：
这工作太难了，恐怕谁也干不了。
正：The work is too difficult. I’m afraid no one can do it.
误：The work is too difficult. I’m afraid any one can’t do it.
什么也阻碍不了我同她结婚。
正：Nothing can prevent me from marrying her.
误：Anything can’t prevent me from marrying her.
类似地，either (两者中的任意一个)作为非肯定词，它也应出现在否定词之后，而不能出现在否定词之前。如：
这两兄弟都不聪明。
正：Neither of the brothers is clever.
误：Either of the brothers is not clever.
高一 上册英语知识点
1 . 一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时
2 .一般过去时、过去进行时和过去完成时
3 .一般将来时、过去将来时和讲来完成时
4. 动词的被动语态
5 .直接引语与间接引语
6.定语从句
7.状语从句
8.主语从句和表语从句
9.宾语从句和同位语从句
10.主谓一致
11.动词不定式
12.现在分词和动名词
13.情态动词
14.冠词
15.介词
16.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
17.不定代词
18.并列句和祈使句
19.构词法
高一的大概就有这么多....
高一英语知识点全总结
老师讲的语法最好笔记记下来（下课多看看） 平时多听英语听力
高一英语知识点
背